What does "Gum Disease" mean?
Table of Contents
Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, affects the gums and can lead to tooth loss if not treated. It starts with plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on teeth. If plaque is not removed through regular brushing and flossing, it can harden into tartar, which can cause inflammation and infection in the gums.
Symptoms
Common signs of gum disease include:
- Red, swollen, or bleeding gums
- Persistent bad breath
- Loose or shifting teeth
- Pain when chewing
Causes
Several factors can increase the risk of gum disease, including:
- Poor oral hygiene
- Tobacco use
- Certain medical conditions, like diabetes
- Hormonal changes
- Poor nutrition
Prevention
To prevent gum disease, it's important to:
- Brush teeth twice a day
- Floss daily
- Visit the dentist regularly for check-ups and cleanings
- Avoid tobacco products
- Eat a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals
Treatment
If gum disease occurs, treatment may involve:
- Professional cleaning by a dentist or dental hygienist
- Scaling and root planing, which removes plaque and tartar from below the gum line
- Medications to control infection and inflammation
- Surgery in severe cases to restore supportive tissues around teeth
Maintaining good oral hygiene and regular dental visits can help reduce the risk of gum disease and protect your teeth for the long term.