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Climate Change and Global Health: An Urgent Challenge

Examining the impact of climate change on health systems worldwide.

― 5 min read


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Table of Contents

Climate Change is becoming a major threat to Health around the world. It affects people in many ways, such as through heatwaves, storms, and floods. These events can lead to shortages of food, water, and safe places to live. They also create new health issues by changing the way diseases spread and can even lead to people having to move from their homes. As these problems get worse, it becomes clear that addressing climate change is crucial for maintaining and improving global health.

The Health Sector's Role in Climate Change

The health sector is not just a bystander; it contributes to climate change too. If the health sector were a country, it would be one of the major sources of greenhouse gas Emissions. Health systems are responsible for a significant percentage of emissions, which raises concerns about their impact on the environment. Many health systems have been working to reduce their carbon footprint and aim for net-zero emissions in the coming years. This will require significant changes in how healthcare is delivered, affecting everything from medical practices to hospital operations.

The Importance of Publishing Health Research

For many years, health journals have not given enough attention to the connection between climate change and health. Despite being a known issue since the late 1800s, it wasn't until recent years that health journals started to publish more Articles on this subject. A study of articles published on climate change and health over the years shows a steady increase, especially in the 2000s. However, even now, many health journals have published little or nothing on the issue, indicating a need for more focus in the field.

Recent Initiatives and Their Impact

In recent years, efforts have been made to encourage health journals to cover climate change more extensively. For instance, a group worked to get over 200 health journals to publish similar articles on climate change during important meetings about the issue. This effort aimed to raise awareness among governments and health professionals about the importance of addressing climate change for health benefits. However, the number of journals actively engaging with the topic is still low.

Research Patterns Over Time

Looking at research on climate change and health reveals some interesting trends. The number of articles published in health journals started to rise in the early 2000s, but many articles were focused on the impact of climate change rather than finding solutions. While there has been some growth in publications, many health journals have published only a handful of articles, or none at all.

Who Is Publishing About Climate Change?

The bulk of research on health and climate change has come from journals based in high-income countries, primarily the UK and the US. In fact, a few leading journals have published a large percentage of the articles on this topic, showing a concentration of work in this area rather than a broad distribution across a wide range of journals.

More than 250 journals contributed to the research, but nearly a quarter published nothing on climate change. This is a worrying sign, as it shows that many important voices in the health community are not taking action to address this pressing issue.

The Need for More Research

While there is a growing body of literature on climate change and health, significant gaps still exist. A majority of articles have examined the health effects of climate change, like the impact of air quality and heat on health, whereas few have focused on solutions or how to adapt to the changes that have already occurred. For instance, the health effects on vulnerable populations, such as the elderly or those living in low-income countries, are under-researched.

Challenges in Publishing

One reason for the slow progress in publishing more articles on climate change and health may be that many health journals focus mainly on publishing research articles. Also, some editors may hesitate to cover climate change because they consider it a political topic. This hesitation has likely led to a lack of commissioned articles from experts in the field. Consequently, many journals do not have the material they need to discuss such an important topic.

Encouraging More Writings on Climate Change

There is a clear need for health journals to improve their coverage of climate change’s impact on health. As awareness grows, many journals may be more willing to publish content on this critical issue. However, increasing the number of articles will often require coordinated efforts. It might help if a group could organize and support health journals in addressing climate change, sharing articles and editorials, which would ensure that more health professionals receive valuable information.

Conclusion

Overall, climate change is a significant threat to global health, and addressing it should be a priority in the health sector. While there has been an increase in published literature on this topic, many health journals continue to lag behind in their coverage. A concerted effort is needed to encourage more research and articles on the intersections of climate change and health for the benefit of societies worldwide. By improving the understanding and dialogue around this issue, the health sector can contribute to solutions that will enhance not only individual health but also community well-being in the face of climate change.

Original Source

Title: Health journal coverage of climate change and health: a bibliometric study

Abstract: ObjectivesTo find what proportion of a broad set of health journals have published on climate change and health, how many articles they have published, and when they first published on the subject. DesignBibliometric study. Setting and particbipantsWe conducted electronic searches in Ovid MEDLINE ALL for articles about climate change and human health published from 1860 to 31 December 2022 in 330 health journals. There were no limits by language or publication type. Results were independently screened by two raters for article eligibility. ResultsAfter screening there were 2932 eligible articles published across 253 of the 330 journals between 1947 and 2022; most (2795/2932; 95%) were published in English. A few journals published articles in the early 90s, but there has been a rapid increase since about 2006. We were unable to categorise the types of publication but estimate that fewer than half are research papers. While articles were published in journals in 39 countries, two-thirds (1929/2932; 66%) were published in a journal published in the UK or the US. Almost a quarter (77/330; 23%) of the journals published no eligible articles, and almost three-quarters (241/330; 73%) published five articles or fewer. The publication of joint editorials in over 200 journals in 2021 and 2022 boosted the number of journals publishing something on climate change and health. A third of the (112/330; 34%) journals in our sample published at least one of the joint editorials, and almost a third of those (32/112; 29%) were publishing on climate change and health for the first time. ConclusionsHealth journals are rapidly increasing the amount they publish on climate change and health, but despite climate change being the major threat to global health many journals had until recently published little or nothing. A joint editorial published in multiple journals increased coverage, and for many journals it was the first thing they published on climate change and health. Strengths and limitations of this studyO_LIWe looked at coverage of climate change at both the article and journal level from 1860 to 2022; previous bibliometric studies have analysed results only at the article level and in restricted time periods C_LIO_LITwo independent raters screened the title and abstract (where available) of every article identified by the MEDLINE search to assess eligibility C_LIO_LIJournals not currently indexed in MEDLINE had to be excluded as hand searching was not feasible for such a large sample of journals C_LIO_LIIts important to be cautious in generalising to all health journals from our sample C_LIO_LIOur study included analysis of an intervention (publication of the joint editorials in multiple journals) to increase coverage on climate change and health in health journals. C_LI

Authors: Joy Muhia, M. Rethlefsen, B. Rossington, F. Wedmore, A. Pattnaik, R. Smith, S. Schroter

Last Update: 2023-10-19 00:00:00

Language: English

Source URL: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.10.19.23297267

Source PDF: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.10.19.23297267.full.pdf

Licence: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Changes: This summary was created with assistance from AI and may have inaccuracies. For accurate information, please refer to the original source documents linked here.

Thank you to medrxiv for use of its open access interoperability.

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