Cataract Surgery Barriers in Nepal

Cataract Surgery is one of the most effective ways to prevent blindness. However, many people in Nepal do not get this necessary treatment, especially those in poorer areas. This article discusses the reasons why some older adults with Cataracts in Nepal do not have surgery and what can be done to improve the situation.

#What Is a Cataract?

A cataract is a clouding of the eye's lens, which can lead to blurry vision, difficulty seeing at night, and sensitivity to light. Cataracts are common in older adults. When cataracts become severe, surgery is often needed to restore clear vision.

#The Need for Cataract Surgery

Cataract surgery is crucial because it can significantly improve the quality of life for those affected. However, not everyone who needs this surgery has Access to it. In Nepal, many people experience avoidable blindness caused by unoperated cataracts.

#Barriers to Cataract Surgery

Several factors prevent older adults in Nepal from getting cataract surgery:

1. Cost: Many people feel that cataract surgery is too expensive. Even if some services are offered for free or at a lower cost, additional expenses related to travel and care can still be a burden.

2. Fear of Surgery: People often fear the idea of having surgery. This fear can stop them from seeking help, even if surgery could improve their vision.

3. Lack of Awareness: Some individuals do not know about cataracts or the benefits of surgery. This lack of information leads to a feeling that surgery is not necessary.

4. Distance to Services: In rural areas, eye care services may be far away. Traveling to these locations can be challenging, especially for elderly individuals.

5. Gender Issues: In some cultures, females may have less access to healthcare, which can limit their ability to seek cataract surgery.

#Research Findings in Nepal

In recent studies, a survey was conducted to understand the issues that older adults in Nepal face when it comes to cataract surgery. The survey included individuals aged 50 and older with severe visual impairment due to cataracts.

The results showed that out of many people surveyed, a large percentage had not undergone surgery, mainly due to cost and a lack of perceived need. Many believed their visual problems were not serious enough to warrant surgery.

#The Impact of Gender

The survey found that there were more females than males among those who were visually impaired due to cataracts. However, the barriers that both genders faced were similar, with both groups citing cost and lack of awareness as significant obstacles.

#Variations Across Different Provinces

The reported barriers varied from one province to another. For example:

• Koshi Province: High Costs and local issues were main barriers.
• Madhesh Province: Fear of surgery and high costs were the biggest concerns.
• Bagmati Province: High costs and fear of surgery were prevalent.
• Karnali Province: Lack of access and high costs were major issues.
• Lumbini Province: High costs and low visual needs were common barriers.

These differences suggest that each province may need tailored solutions to address the specific barriers they face.

#Efforts to Improve Access to Cataract Surgery

To increase access to cataract surgery, several strategies can be considered:

1. Awareness Campaigns: Educating people about cataracts and the benefits of surgery can help. Sharing success stories of those who have undergone the procedure may motivate others to seek treatment.

2. Reducing Costs: Finding ways to lower the costs associated with surgery can help many people get the care they need. This could include government subsidies or health insurance options.

3. Mobile Clinics: Setting up mobile eye care camps in rural areas can make it easier for individuals to access services without having to travel long distances.

4. Support Services: Providing assistance with travel costs and other expenses, such as food or lost wages, can help those who might otherwise be unable to afford surgery.

#Research and Future Directions

Further studies are needed to understand why individuals with cataracts are reluctant to have surgery, despite its availability and affordability. It is crucial to target the specific needs of different age groups and genders to ensure everyone has the opportunity to receive care.

#Conclusion

Cataract surgery is a vital service that can prevent blindness and improve the quality of life for many people in Nepal. However, challenges such as cost and lack of awareness stop many from receiving this treatment. By identifying and addressing these barriers, there is potential to enhance access to necessary eye care services. By working together, communities, health officials, and NGOs can make a significant difference in reducing avoidable blindness in Nepal.