What does "TR1" mean?
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TR1 cells, or regulatory type 1 T-cells, are a special type of immune cell that helps control the body's response to substances that can trigger an immune reaction. They play a key role in maintaining balance in the immune system and preventing unwanted inflammation.
Development of TR1 Cells
These cells develop when certain signals, like strong interactions with other immune cells, are present. In particular, they are influenced by proteins called cytokines, which help guide their development. The presence of these signals can push other types of immune cells, like T-follicular helper cells, to change into TR1 cells.
Characteristics of TR1 Cells
TR1 cells are known for producing IL-10, a protein that helps reduce inflammation and support healing. They have specific markers that identify them as TR1 cells, which can be seen in their protein and gene activity. This means that when they are formed, they show a distinct set of behaviors that help them perform their function in the immune system.
Importance of TR1 Cells
TR1 cells are important for keeping the immune system in check. They help the body tolerate various substances, like food or even certain infections, without overreacting. This tolerance is crucial for overall health and can prevent autoimmune diseases, where the body attacks its own tissue.