What does "Ischemic Heart Disease" mean?
Table of Contents
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a condition that affects the heart's ability to get enough blood. This lack of blood flow can lead to chest pain, heart attacks, and other serious health issues. It is one of the most common heart problems and a leading cause of death around the world.
Causes
IHD is often caused by blockages in the coronary arteries due to the buildup of fat and cholesterol, known as plaque. Factors that increase the risk of developing IHD include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, obesity, a lack of physical activity, and diabetes.
Symptoms
Common symptoms of IHD include:
- Chest pain or discomfort, often described as pressure or squeezing
- Shortness of breath
- Fatigue, especially during physical activity
- Heart palpitations or irregular heartbeat
Diagnosis
Doctors can diagnose IHD using various tests. These may include:
- Electrocardiograms (ECG) to check heart rhythm
- Stress tests to see how the heart performs under physical strain
- Imaging tests to view blood flow to the heart
Treatment
Treatment for IHD can vary but often includes lifestyle changes, such as adopting a healthier diet, quitting smoking, and increasing physical activity. Medications may also be prescribed to manage symptoms and reduce risks, such as blood thinners and cholesterol-lowering drugs. In some cases, procedures like angioplasty or bypass surgery may be necessary to improve blood flow.
Prevention
Preventing IHD involves maintaining a healthy lifestyle, which includes:
- Eating a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
- Exercising regularly
- Avoiding tobacco use
- Managing stress
- Keeping regular check-ups with a healthcare provider to monitor risk factors
By understanding and addressing IHD, individuals can take steps to protect their heart health and reduce the risk of serious complications.