What does "Grant-free Access" mean?

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Grant-free access is a method used in communication systems where many devices want to send data without needing permission beforehand. This is especially useful for a large number of simple devices, like sensors, that may only send information now and then.

In traditional systems, devices usually have to wait for a time slot or signal from a base station before they can send their data. However, with grant-free access, devices can just send their information whenever they need to, which helps reduce delays.

Since many devices might send data at the same time, grant-free access often uses special codes to help distinguish between the messages. All devices can use the same code, and the receiving station will look for the different messages together.

This approach is helpful in situations where there are many devices communicating sporadically without coordination, making the system more efficient and quick.