What does "FQHE" mean?
Table of Contents
Fractional Quantum Hall Effect (FQHE) is a phenomenon that occurs in certain materials when they are placed in a strong magnetic field at very low temperatures. In this state, the electrical resistance becomes very precise and can change in specific fractions rather than just whole numbers.
How It Works
In simple terms, the electrons in these materials behave differently than they do under normal conditions. Instead of moving freely, they form special states known as "edge modes" that can carry electricity without resistance along the edges of the material. These edge modes are protected by the system's structure, which means they are stable against disturbances.
Topological Order
FQHE is connected to something called "topological order," which is a way of classifying different phases of matter. The unique properties of FQHE are linked to specific values known as topological quantum numbers, which help to identify the type of phase the material is in.
Importance
Studying FQHE is important because it offers insight into the behavior of electrons in complex systems. It has applications in fields like quantum computing and can help scientists develop new technologies based on the unique properties of materials under these extreme conditions.