What does "Epigenetic Modifications" mean?
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Epigenetic modifications are changes that affect how genes are turned on or off without altering the actual DNA sequence. These changes can influence how cells read genes and can be influenced by various factors such as environment, lifestyle, and even diet.
How Epigenetic Modifications Work
The most common types of epigenetic modifications include adding or removing chemical tags on DNA or on the proteins that help package DNA. These modifications can make it easier or harder for the cell to access certain genes. When a gene is accessible, it can be expressed, meaning the cell can use it to make proteins. If it is not accessible, the gene is effectively turned off.
Importance in Health and Disease
Epigenetic changes can play a significant role in health and disease. For example, certain modifications can lead to diseases such as cancer by changing how genes are expressed. Understanding these changes can help researchers find new ways to treat diseases.
Research and Discoveries
Recent studies have shown that changes in epigenetic modifications can impact processes such as cell growth and death. By studying these modifications, scientists can learn more about how certain conditions, like resistance to cancer treatment, occur and potentially find new treatment strategies.