What does "Electrophoresis" mean?
Table of Contents
Electrophoresis is a technique used to separate different types of molecules, such as DNA or proteins, based on their size and charge. It works by applying an electric field to a gel or solution containing the molecules. As the electric current passes through, charged molecules move towards the opposite charge.
How It Works
- Preparation: The sample is mixed into a gel or buffer solution, which allows the molecules to move freely.
- Application of Electric Field: When the electric field is turned on, molecules start to migrate. Positive molecules move towards the negative side, and negative molecules move towards the positive side.
- Separation: Smaller molecules can move through the gel more easily than larger ones, leading to separation based on size. This allows researchers to analyze the different components of the sample.
Uses
Electrophoresis is commonly used in labs for various purposes, including:
- DNA Analysis: Identifying genetic material or studying variations.
- Protein Studies: Analyzing proteins for research or diagnostic purposes.
- Quality Control: Ensuring the purity of samples in various applications.
Importance
This technique is valuable in fields like genetics, biochemistry, and medicine. It helps scientists and researchers understand biological processes and develop new therapies.