What does "Differential Expression" mean?

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Differential expression refers to the difference in gene activity between different types of cells or tissues. In simpler terms, it means that some genes are turned on more in certain cells than in others. This process is important for understanding how cells function and how they might behave in different conditions or diseases.

For example, some genes on the X chromosome may behave differently in female cells compared to male cells. This difference can explain why some traits or diseases affect men and women differently.

When scientists study differential expression, they look at how much of certain genes are active in various cell types or tissue samples. By doing this, they can learn more about biological processes and how changes in gene activity can lead to different characteristics or health conditions.

In research, understanding differential expression helps in discovering new insights into human health and disease, as it can reveal how different factors influence gene behavior across various cells.