What does "Cytokinesis" mean?

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Cytokinesis is the final step of cell division, where the mother cell splits into two daughter cells. This process happens after the cell's DNA has been copied. During cytokinesis, a special structure called the contractile ring forms inside the cell. This ring pulls the cell's surface inward, creating a groove that eventually divides the cell into two.

As the cell divides, changes occur in the cell's outer layer, known as the plasma membrane. This membrane consists of lipids and proteins that help maintain the cell's shape and protect its contents. During cytokinesis, the plasma membrane gathers and folds at the division site, while it pulls away from the ends of the cell. These movements help the two new cells separate properly.

The behavior of the plasma membrane during this process is influenced by the mechanical properties of the cell. Factors such as fluidity and attachment to the cell's inner structure determine how the membrane behaves. Overall, proper cytokinesis ensures that both daughter cells receive the necessary materials to function correctly. If this process is disrupted, it can lead to problems in cell function.