What does "Cystic Fibrosis" mean?
Table of Contents
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetic condition that mainly affects the lungs and digestive system. People with CF have thick and sticky mucus that can clog airways and lead to breathing problems. This mucus also blocks enzymes needed for digestion, causing nutrient absorption issues.
Symptoms
Common symptoms of CF include:
- Chronic cough
- Frequent lung infections
- Difficulty gaining weight
- Digestive problems
Causes
CF is caused by a mutation in a gene called Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Regulator (CFTR). This gene helps control the movement of salt in and out of cells, which affects mucus production.
Diagnosis
Doctors can diagnose CF through newborn screening tests, sweat tests, and genetic testing. Early diagnosis is important for managing the condition.
Treatment
While there is no cure for CF, treatments aim to manage symptoms and improve quality of life. These include:
- Medications to thin mucus
- Antibiotics to treat infections
- Nutritional support
- Physical therapy to help clear lungs
Immune Response
Recent studies have shown that people with CF might have a different immune response to certain allergens, such as peanuts. Some patients with CF produce IgG antibodies instead of the allergy-causing IgE antibodies. This may explain why many do not develop peanut allergies, despite exposure.
Research
Ongoing research aims to improve understanding and treatment of CF. New models are being developed to study how various factors, including lung function and nutrition, affect health outcomes for people with CF.