What does "Common Bean" mean?
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The common bean, known scientifically as Phaseolus vulgaris, is a type of legume widely grown around the world. This plant is important for both diet and the environment. It is a staple food in many countries and offers numerous health benefits.
Traits of Common Bean
Two important traits of the common bean are determinacy and photoperiod sensitivity. Determinacy means that the plant has a set growing period and stops growing after reaching a certain size. Photoperiod sensitivity refers to how the plant responds to changes in daylight, which can affect its growth and flowering time. These traits were selected early in the plant's domestication and vary among different types of beans.
Importance of Landraces
Landraces are traditional varieties of common beans that have developed over time. They are crucial for breeding programs because they contain a wide range of genetic diversity. By studying these landraces, researchers can find traits that help improve crop production and adapt to different environments.
Supporting Structure in Vines
Common beans can grow as twining vines. In these vines, special fibers called gelatinous fibers provide support. These fibers form on the side of the stem that is bent or coiled, helping the plant stay upright without helping it move. This stability is important for the vine to wrap around other structures without falling.
Easy to Grow
Common beans are easy to cultivate and can grow quickly. They can also change their growth habits with simple changes in light, making them a useful plant for studying how different growth forms arise.