What does "Beta Thalassemia" mean?
Table of Contents
Beta thalassemia is a type of blood disorder that affects how hemoglobin works in the body. Hemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. In beta thalassemia, the body does not make enough of the beta globin chains, which are important for forming hemoglobin. This leads to problems with red blood cells, causing them to be less healthy and fewer in number.
Symptoms
People with beta thalassemia may experience a range of symptoms, including anemia (a lack of red blood cells), fatigue, weakness, and pale skin. Some individuals may have more severe symptoms, which can affect growth and development in children.
Causes
The condition is usually inherited, meaning it is passed down from parents to their children through genes. If both parents are carriers of the gene for beta thalassemia, their children are at risk of having the disorder.
Diagnosis
Doctors diagnose beta thalassemia through blood tests that check for hemoglobin levels and look for specific types of hemoglobin. Genetic testing can also confirm the presence of the disorder.
Treatment
Treatment for beta thalassemia may include regular blood transfusions to maintain healthy blood levels, as well as medications to manage iron overload, which can occur due to frequent transfusions. In some cases, a bone marrow transplant may be considered as a potential cure.
Importance of Screening
Screening for beta thalassemia, especially in regions with higher rates of the disorder, is crucial. This helps identify carriers and affected individuals, allowing for better management and treatment options.