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Smart Parking Solutions for Busy Cities

Research unveils an automated system to track parking times.

Marcelo Eduardo Marques Ribas, Heloisa Benedet Mendes, Luiz Eduardo Soares de Oliveira, Luiz Antonio Zanlorensi, Paulo Ricardo Lisboa de Almeida

― 5 min read


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In today's world, Parking cars can be quite a hassle-especially in busy areas. Imagine you find a spot only to discover you're not allowed to stay long. That’s where this neat study comes in! Researchers created a smart way to know how long each car is parked, which could help cities manage parking spaces better. Let’s break it down!

Why Count Parking Time?

In many cities, there are rules about how long cars can stay in one spot to keep spaces open for others. The idea is to avoid car traffic and encourage people to use public transport, bike, or walk. But figuring out how long a car has been parked just by looking at a picture isn’t as easy as it sounds.

You might think, “Why not just check the clock?” Well, things can get tricky because cameras might not always be clear, and there are different light conditions, like bright sunshine or gloomy rain. The study aims to find a way to automatically tell how long cars are parked with the help of computer programs that use Images.

How Do They Do It?

The researchers used two types of smart Models-think of them as tiny computer brains that analyze images. The first one is like a detective that checks if a parking spot is filled or empty. The second model is a comparison expert that checks if a parked car is the same as the one from a previous photo.

The whole process was tested with different sets of images from various locations. They found that when everything went smoothly and they had a perfect image analyzer, the system could guess parking times accurately about 75% of the time. But when they included images from real life, the Accuracy dropped to about 49%. Oops!

What Makes This So Hard?

Let’s imagine you’re trying to recognize your friend in a crowd of people. If they suddenly changed clothes or hairstyles, you might get confused. Car detection works similarly! Here are a few reasons that make counting parked time difficult:

  1. Blurry Pictures: Cars are often captured from far away using cameras that aren’t the sharpest. When researchers looked at one Dataset, the average size of a car in the picture was tiny-only about the size of your thumb on your phone screen!

  2. Different Angles: Cars can park at odd angles, making it tricky for a program to see that it’s the same vehicle.

  3. Time Gaps: Sometimes, there are long breaks between images, like a snooze button that’s been hit too many times. For one dataset, there were five-minute gaps, while another had thirty-minute breaks. A lot can happen in thirty minutes!

  4. Changing Light: If it’s sunny in one picture and cloudy in the next, things can look very different. It’s like trying to spot your friend wearing sunglasses in bright light versus when it’s raining.

What’s Next for This Study?

The researchers aimed to create a solid method for counting how long a car stays parked using their cameras and smart models. If this can be done accurately, it might help cities figure out who is parking too long and who might be breaking the rules!

They also thought of future uses for this system. Aside from catching rule-breakers, it could help find abandoned cars parked for ages or alert people about vehicles parked where they shouldn’t be.

The Roadblock: Image Quality

Throughout their research, one clear takeaway was that the quality of the first step-determining if a space is empty or occupied-was key. If this first model messes up, say by saying an occupied space is free, then all bets are off for getting the dwell time right. A tiny mistake can balloon into a big issue when someone has been parked for hours!

Lessons Learned

  1. Timing is Everything: Taking photos too infrequently can lead to mistakes. If a car leaves just after the latest shot, the system might think it’s been there forever.

  2. Classifiers Matter: The first model needs to be as accurate as possible. If even a small percentage of errors slip through, it could mess up the results big time.

  3. Big Oopsies: When the systems guess incorrectly, they often guess way off the mark, leading to larger errors than when they get things right. This really drives home the idea that every detail counts in this study!

Conclusion

Overall, this research is a step toward using technology to manage parking in an efficient way. With smart systems in place, cities could easily monitor parking spots while avoiding the headaches associated with parking rules.

Who knows? Maybe in the near future, you’ll be driving through busy streets, and a friendly voice will come over your car speaker saying, “Hey there! Your parking time is almost up. Time to move along!” Now wouldn’t that be something?

Original Source

Title: Using Deep Neural Networks to Quantify Parking Dwell Time

Abstract: In smart cities, it is common practice to define a maximum length of stay for a given parking space to increase the space's rotativity and discourage the usage of individual transportation solutions. However, automatically determining individual car dwell times from images faces challenges, such as images collected from low-resolution cameras, lighting variations, and weather effects. In this work, we propose a method that combines two deep neural networks to compute the dwell time of each car in a parking lot. The proposed method first defines the parking space status between occupied and empty using a deep classification network. Then, it uses a Siamese network to check if the parked car is the same as the previous image. Using an experimental protocol that focuses on a cross-dataset scenario, we show that if a perfect classifier is used, the proposed system generates 75% of perfect dwell time predictions, where the predicted value matched exactly the time the car stayed parked. Nevertheless, our experiments show a drop in prediction quality when a real-world classifier is used to predict the parking space statuses, reaching 49% of perfect predictions, showing that the proposed Siamese network is promising but impacted by the quality of the classifier used at the beginning of the pipeline.

Authors: Marcelo Eduardo Marques Ribas, Heloisa Benedet Mendes, Luiz Eduardo Soares de Oliveira, Luiz Antonio Zanlorensi, Paulo Ricardo Lisboa de Almeida

Last Update: 2024-10-31 00:00:00

Language: English

Source URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.00158

Source PDF: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2411.00158

Licence: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Changes: This summary was created with assistance from AI and may have inaccuracies. For accurate information, please refer to the original source documents linked here.

Thank you to arxiv for use of its open access interoperability.

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