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Blockchain Interoperability: The Path Forward

Discover how MAP Protocol is bridging blockchain gaps for seamless transactions.

Yinfeng Cao, Jiannong Cao, Dongbin Bai, Long Wen, Yang Liu, Ruidong Li

― 5 min read


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Table of Contents

Blockchain technology is like a new way to keep track of information and Transactions. It’s decentralized, meaning no single person or group controls it. Instead, it’s managed by a network of computers. This makes it secure and trustable. However, as more blockchains are created, the challenge of making them work together arises. This is where blockchain Interoperability comes in - it helps different blockchains communicate and share information.

The Need for Interoperability

Imagine you have several different apps on your phone that don’t talk to each other. You could use them separately, but it would be a hassle. This is the situation with blockchains; each one can hold valuable data and assets, but without a way to share that information, their potential is limited.

Currently, there are thousands of blockchains, each hosting various types of assets like cryptocurrencies or digital tokens. This diversity creates a need for interoperability protocols that allow these blockchains to work together.

Key Challenges in Interoperability

Trust Issues

The first challenge is trust. When blockchains want to share information, they need to ensure that both sides are being honest. If one chain decides to lie about a transaction, it could lead to a lot of confusion and loss. This means that any interoperability protocol must be secure enough to prevent these issues.

High Costs for Verification

Next up is cost. Each blockchain wants to verify transactions from another blockchain. This verification can be expensive and time-consuming, especially when complex cryptographic processes are involved. The costs can pile up, making the whole process inefficient.

Differences Between Chains

Finally, there’s the problem of diversity. Different blockchains can have different rules, languages, and formats. This makes it hard for them to understand each other. It’s like trying to have a conversation with someone who speaks a completely different language.

Enter MAP Protocol

To tackle these challenges, a new protocol called MAP has been introduced. MAP stands for a certain way of making blockchains interact with each other, focusing on trust, efficiency, and flexibility.

How MAP Works

MAP serves as a kind of relay service between different blockchains. Instead of each blockchain needing to verify everything on its own, it can send transactions through MAP. This is like having a translator when you’re in a foreign country - instead of trying to communicate directly, you can use someone who understands both languages.

MAP does this by using light clients and a unified relay chain to help verify transactions more efficiently. This means that transactions between blockchains can happen smoothly, without all the hassle.

Key Features of MAP

Trustless System

One of the standout features of MAP is that it’s designed to work without needing to trust the other party. It uses smart contracts to automatically handle transactions, reducing the risk of human error or dishonesty.

Cost Efficiency

MAP reduces the costs associated with verifying transactions. By using different techniques, it can lessen the burden on the blockchain and make transactions cheaper overall. This means more people can engage in cross-chain activities without worrying about costs.

Compatibility

MAP doesn’t require each blockchain to change its rules or structure. It can easily connect different types of chains, making it versatile and adaptable. This opens up a broader range of opportunities for users.

Practical Applications

MAP is already making waves in the real world. By supporting multiple public chains, it’s allowing users to exchange assets, do business, and explore possibilities that were previously impossible.

For instance, if someone wants to use a token from one blockchain to buy something on another blockchain, MAP can facilitate the transaction smoothly. It’s like a universal translator for blockchains, allowing them to share assets, data, and more.

Real-World Success

By 2024, MAP had facilitated over 200,000 transactions worth more than 640 million USD. This demonstrates that the protocol isn’t just theoretical. It has practical applications and is being used in various industries, opening up new financial services and opportunities for users and developers alike.

Creating a Cross-Chain Dataset

To further improve blockchain interoperability research, MAP team compiled the first real-world dataset of cross-chain transactions. This data provides valuable insights that can be used to make even better solutions in the future.

Looking Ahead

The future for MAP looks bright. The team is excited to expand its capabilities, including potential support for popular blockchains like Bitcoin. This would allow Bitcoin holders to use their assets in more diverse ways, avoiding limits set by their original network.

Conclusion

In the world of blockchains, interoperability is essential for growth and efficiency. With protocols like MAP, blockchains can work together seamlessly, allowing users to maximize their assets and engage with various applications. As the technology continues to evolve, it’s exciting to think of all the opportunities that lie ahead.

So, next time you think of blockchains, remember how they’re learning to speak to each other, thanks to innovations like MAP. Who knows? The future of finance might just be a friendly chat between chains.

Original Source

Title: MAP the Blockchain World: A Trustless and Scalable Blockchain Interoperability Protocol for Cross-chain Applications

Abstract: Blockchain interoperability protocols enable cross-chain asset transfers or data retrievals between isolated chains, which are considered as the core infrastructure for Web 3.0 applications such as decentralized finance protocols. However, existing protocols either face severe scalability issues due to high on-chain and off-chain costs, or suffer from trust concerns because of centralized designs. In this paper, we propose \texttt{MAP}, a trustless blockchain interoperability protocol that relays cross-chain transactions across heterogeneous chains with high scalability. First, within \texttt{MAP}, we develop a novel \textit{cross-chain relay} technique, which integrates a unified relay chain architecture and on-chain light clients of different source chains, allowing the retrieval and verification of diverse cross-chain transactions. Furthermore, we reduce cross-chain verification costs by incorporating an optimized zk-based light client scheme that adaptively decouples signature verification overheads from inefficient smart contract execution and offloads them to off-chain provers. For experiments, we conducted the first large-scale evaluation on existing interoperability protocols. With \texttt{MAP}, the required number of on-chain light clients is reduced from $O(N^2)$ to $O(N)$, with around 35\% reduction in on-chain costs and 25\% reduction for off-chain costs when verifying cross-chain transactions. To demonstrate the effectiveness, we deployed \texttt{MAP} in the real world. By 2024, we have supported over six popular public chains, 50 cross-chain applications and relayed over 200K cross-chain transactions worth over 640 million USD. Based on rich practical experiences, we constructed the first real-world cross-chain dataset to further advance blockchain interoperability research.

Authors: Yinfeng Cao, Jiannong Cao, Dongbin Bai, Long Wen, Yang Liu, Ruidong Li

Last Update: Nov 1, 2024

Language: English

Source URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.00422

Source PDF: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2411.00422

Licence: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Changes: This summary was created with assistance from AI and may have inaccuracies. For accurate information, please refer to the original source documents linked here.

Thank you to arxiv for use of its open access interoperability.

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